Health

Summary

C complained about the care provided to a family member (A) at Woodend Hospital and Aberdeen Royal Infirmary. Immediately prior to the episode of care we considered, medical investigations had been performed which indicated that A had metastatic cancer (cancer which has spread from one part of the body to another). A was then referred to the urology department (specialists in the male and female urinary tract, and the male reproductive organs).

We took independent advice from a urology adviser. In response to C's complaint, the board acknowledged that there had been a failure to request a CT scan as planned and apologised for this. We found that there was a failure to expedite a flexible cystoscopy (bladder examination using a narrow tube-like telescopic camera) and keep A informed about their care. In addition, we found that A should have been referred to oncology (specialists in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer). In view of these findings, we concluded that the care and treatment was unreasonable and we upheld C's complaint.

C also complained about the board's actions leading up to the decision whether or not to carry out a full post-mortem examination following A's death. C considered that the board had failed to follow the procedure that applied in the circumstances that the nearest family members did not agree about a post-mortem. C was also unhappy with the lack of communication about this matter. We considered a number of pieces of relevant legislation and guidance and took into account comments from the adviser. The circumstances leading to the decision about post-mortem were complex. On balance, we found that the board acted reasonably in this instance and we did not uphold the complaint. We provided feedback about good practice for the board to consider.

Finally, we found that the board's response to C's complaints could have been clearer in one respect. We also found that the board did not respond to a related complaint (about A's treatment a number of years prior) and inform C whether they would extend the timescale for accepting a complaint or not. We made a recommendation to address this finding.

Recommendations

What we asked the organisation to do in this case:

• Apologise to C for the unreasonable delay in performing an urgent CT scan; the failure to ensure that A was adequately informed about the plans for a CT scan; and the lack of referral to oncology. The apology should meet the standards set out in the SPSO guidelines on apology available at www.spso.org.uk/information-leaflets.
• Inform C of their decision whether or not they are extending the timescale (in relation to their complaint about A's historical treatment), and provide a reason for this.

What we said should change to put things right in future:

• Care plans agreed at multi-disciplinary meetings should be implemented and followed up to ensure appropriate communication takes place with the patient/patient's representative and that timely investigations and referrals take place where relevant.

In relation to complaints handling, we recommended:

• Complaint responses should be comprehensive and transparent. In line with the NHS Model Complaints Handling Procedure, the timescale for acceptance of a complaint may be extended if the Feedback and Complaints Officer considers it would be reasonable in the circumstances. Where a decision is taken not to extend the timescales a clear explanation of the basis for the decision should be provided to the person making the complaint, and the person should be advised that they may ask this office to consider the decision.

We have asked the organisation to provide us with evidence that they have implemented the recommendations we have made on this case by the deadline we set.

Summary

C complained to the practice about the lack of treatment when they attended two consultations reporting a breast lump. C felt that the GPs they saw gave them false reassurance that there was nothing to worry about. C then attended the hospital specialists for an ultrasound scan (a scan that uses sound waves to create images of organs and structures inside the body), biopsy (tissue sample) and mammogram (an x-ray of the breast) and received results which showed evidence of a cancerous lump which required chemotherapy (a treatment where medicine is used to kill cancerous cells) and surgery.

We took independent advice from a GP. We found that the GPs involved carried out appropriate examinations and that it was appropriate to refer C to the hospital specialists for further examination.

We did not uphold the complaint although some feedback was provided to the practice in an effort to improve learning.

Summary

C complained to us on behalf of their child (A) about the care and treatment A received from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS). Specifically, C complained that A was unreasonably discharged from CAMHS.

We took independent advice from a child and adolescent psychologist and also from a mental health nurse. We found that there was a delay in CAMHS offering A video appointments following the COVID-19 lockdown but we found that the delay was not unreasonable, as they needed time to set up the necessary IT systems. We also found that all relevant information was taken into account about A's condition before CAMHS decided to discharge A. Therefore, we did not uphold the complaint.

Summary

C complained about the treatment a family member (A) had received from the board. A was admitted to hospital three times over a short period with severe stomach and back pain. Following A's third admission, they were diagnosed with kidney failure and discharged to receive palliative care. A died a short time later. C complained that the board had missed opportunities during A's earlier admissions to identify their deteriorating kidney function. C said that an earlier diagnosis could have prolonged A's life expectancy as treatment could have commenced sooner.

C also complained that on A's second admission, their discharge had been unreasonably managed by the board. C complained that A was left all day in the discharge lounge in their nightwear and that staff failed to properly communicate A's discharge arrangements to the family. A was later returned to their nursing home in a taxi instead of an ambulance. C said that this was extremely distressing and undignified for A, and had been unacceptable given A's age and poor health.

We took independent clinical advice from a consultant geriatrician (a specialist in the care of the elderly). Whilst there had been a reasonable approach to investigating A's symptoms on their first admission, we found that there were missed opportunities by the board to diagnose A's kidney failure and infection, and the family's concerns had not been given appropriate consideration during the second admission. On the third admission, there was a delay in the clinical consideration of A's abnormal blood results, and in recognising the severity of their condition. We also noted from the board's own investigations that there had been a failure to move A's personal belongings between wards. Therefore on balance, we upheld this aspect of the complaint.

We also found that A was not clinically fit to be discharged from hospital following their second admission, and given their age, fragility and poor health, that their discharge arrangements had been poorly managed. These failings included A's lengthy wait in the discharge lounge, and A's transportation in their nightwear via taxi. We further noted from the board's own investigation that A had been discharged with the wrong discharge letter and medication, and that there had been a failure to communicate A's discharge arrangements to the family. As a result, we upheld this aspect of the complaint.

We also provided feedback to the board in respect of their record-keeping, reminding them of the importance of ensuring patient records are detailed and fully documented.

Recommendations

What we asked the organisation to do in this case:

• Apologise to A's family that opportunities were missed to diagnose A's kidney failure and infection, and for not properly taking account of their concerns during A's second hospital admission. The apology should meet the standards set out in the SPSO guidelines on apology available at www.spso.org.uk/information-leaflets.
• Apologise to A's family for discharging A from hospital when they were not clinically fit, and for the poor management of A's discharge arrangements. The apology should meet the standards setout in the SPSO guidelines on apology available at www.spso.org.uk/information-leaflets.
• Apologise to A's family for the delay in the clinical consideration of A's abnormal blood results, and in recognising the severity of A's condition during their third hospital admission. The apology should meet the standards set out in the SPSO guidelines on apology available at www.spso.org.uk/information-leaflets.

What we said should change to put things right in future:

• Ensure abnormal blood results in a patient's clinical records are followed up appropriately.
• Ensure that relevant staff have appropriately reflected on the complex nature of this case.
• If a patient is elderly, frail or in poor health, patient discharge arrangements should be carefully assessed to ensure that they are appropriate, taking account of discharge wait times, a patient's clothing and methods of transportation.

We have asked the organisation to provide us with evidence that they have implemented the recommendations we have made on this case by the deadline we set.

Summary

C complained to us regarding the treatment that they had received from the board relating to a diagnosis of liver cancer. They told us that there had been significant delays in carrying out appropriate tests and that they considered that their care had been very self-driven, stating that they had to chase up and request treatment on a number of occasions. They told us that they had received an unreasonable prognosis when being given their cancer diagnosis, being told that they were terminally ill with only months to live. They told us that they were only referred to a liver surgeon at their request, who was subsequently able to operate successfully.

They also complained that a consultant had written an unreasonable letter to their GP about one consultation, suggesting that their appearance had given cause for concern.

We took independent advice from a consultant oncologist (cancer specialist). We found that there had been unreasonable delays in carrying out C's tests. In particular, a failure to appropriately refer on the results of a scan, resulting in C having to chase this up and request a referral through their GP, and, a failure to mark the request to carry out a biopsy as urgent, resulting in a further delay.

These failures contributed to a delay in providing both diagnosis and treatment for C which was well out with normal guidelines for cancer treatment. In addition, the fact that C was required to seek a referral from their GP to further consider the results of their scan was considered to be evidence that their care had been unreasonably self-driven. We also found that an unreasonable prognosis had been given to C, as it was clear that the consultant in question was not best placed to provide a prognosis and further consultations were required before an accurate prognosis could be given. We therefore upheld these aspects of C's complaint.

However, while we noted C's strongly held view that the consultant's assessment of their appearance had been unreasonable, we were unable to find sufficient evidence to refute the consultant's record of that consultation. We therefore did not uphold that aspect of the complaint.

Recommendations

What we asked the organisation to do in this case:

• Apologise to C for unreasonably delaying investigations into C's liver lesion, for failing to refer their MRI results to the Multi Disciplinary Team (MDT), and for providing an unreasonable prognosis. The apology should meet the standards set out in the SPSO guidelines on apology available at www.spso.org.uk/information-leaflets.

What we said should change to put things right in future:

• Discussions about prognosis should take place with the appropriate clinician in light of a full consideration of the treatment options available.
• Requests for liver biopsies should be marked as urgent where necessary.
• The board should ensure all investigations into possible cancer are completed within the timescales set out in guidelines, wherever feasible.
• Where appropriate, MRI results should be referred to the MDT and actioned promptly.

We have asked the organisation to provide us with evidence that they have implemented the recommendations we have made on this case by the deadline we set.

Summary

C complained about care and treatment provided to their parent (A) by a duty general practitioner (GP) at the practice.

C contacted a community nurse team to raise concerns that A's catheter was draining slowly and that there was blood in their urine bag.

A nurse visited A at their home later the same day. They changed A's catheter bag and provided advice. After they had left A's home, the nurse discussed their actions with the GP. The GP agreed with the nurse's actions and their assessment of A.

Later that evening A's catheter blocked. A was subsequently admitted to hospital and diagnosed with urosepsis (a serious infection of the urinary tract). A subsequently died in hospital.

C complained that the GP had failed to visit A despite being provided with information indicating that they had a serious infection. C also complained that the GP failed to provide A with medical treatment.

We took independent advice from a GP. We found that the GP acted reasonably and noted that they were not provided with information indicating that A had a serious infection. We found that the GP’s agreement with the treatment and advice provided by the nurse was reasonable in light of the information available to them at the relevant time. We did not uphold C’s complaints.

Summary

C complained about the community nursing care their parent (A) received for leg ulcers which had become infected. We took independent nursing advice, which highlighted that inappropriate dressings were applied to A's wound for a period, and also appropriate supplies of dressings were not obtained in a timely manner. When the wound did not improve, there was initially a failure to escalate the matter. We noted that there was appropriate escalation later and the wound management was reasonable from this point. On balance, we upheld this complaint.

C also complained that A was discharged from University Hospital Hairmyres (UHH) with an infection still present. We noted that A was receiving antibiotics and a follow-up plan was in place, and that the discharge was reasonable even in the presence of infection. We did not uphold this complaint. C also complained that A was not reasonably assessed when they attended UHH emergency department. C was unhappy that A was assessed without removal of their bandage, and that no swabs were taken. We took independent advice from a consultant in emergency medicine. We noted that there was a reasonable focus on A's knee pain/swelling and no unreasonable omission in terms of examining the leg wound. We did not uphold this complaint.

Finally, C complained that the board's response to their complaint failed to refer to A's fall in hospital. In responding to our enquiries, the board offered assurances that A had not fallen, but rather experienced a feinting episode due to low blood pressure. We confirmed that this was supported by the medical notes. We considered the board to have reasonably explained why this was not referred to in their complaint response, and we did not uphold this complaint.

Recommendations

What we asked the organisation to do in this case:

• Apologise to C for failing to appropriately manage A's leg ulcers for a period. The apology should meet the standards set out in the SPSO guidelines on apology available at www.spso.org.uk/information-leaflets.

What we said should change to put things right in future:

• Appropriate dressing products are used for leg ulcer management with wound dressings being available at the time of dressing changes.
• Nursing staff make timely referrals to the Leg Ulcer Service if a wound is not progressing.

We have asked the organisation to provide us with evidence that they have implemented the recommendations we have made on this case by the deadline we set.

Summary

C, parents of infant child (A) complained about the care and treatment that A had received from the board. C had raised concerns that A's Hickman line (a central line catheter inserted into one of the large blood vessels to allow permanent access for treatment) may be infected and had sought advice at hospital. A swab of the insertion site had taken place, however A had been discharged without further treatment. C complained that the board had failed to provide a reasonable standard of treatment to A during their admission.

C further complained that the following day at a home visit, nurses had proceeded to flush A's line (procedure required to ensure the line remains clear of blood and to prevent clotting) in spite of their concerns it might be infected and without the results of the swab testing. C asserted that as the line had been infected, A had received a septic shower (sudden systemic release of pathogens into the blood stream causing septic shock) resulting in A's sudden collapse.

In their response, the board said that as there had been no diagnosis of a line infection, A's line had been flushed in accordance with the board's Care and Maintenance policy (CVAD policy). However, reflecting on the complaint, the board acknowledged that had there been formal communication between services regarding A's swab testing the evening before, this may have influenced their decision-making to proceed with the flush. They said that as a result of the complaint, they would review and update their CVAD policy to incorporate a standard operating procedure (SOP) and checklist so as to improve information sharing between teams and in circumstances of swab testing, or concerns expressed by families, to ensure medical advice would be sought before proceeding.

We took independent advice from a paediatric nursing adviser and consultant paediatric adviser (dealing with the medical care of infants, children and young people). We found that although the board had correctly considered sepsis in their assessment of A during their hospital admission, they had failed to take appropriate account of the Sepsis 6 guidance, had failed to seek senior clinician advice, and further treatment should have been considered. We also found that in light of the known risk of sepsis associated with central line devices, and given the level of concern expressed by C, it would have been reasonable for the board to have delayed the flush of the line until after the swab results had become available. We also found that the board had failed to correctly follow their CVAD policy, specifically, nurses had not sought senior medical advice before proceeding, and the pro forma maintenance bundle had not been completed or recorded for the flushes of A's line.

C further complained that in investigating their complaint the board had failed to seek their account of events, and had only raised a DATIX (incident report) after they had made their complaint. We found that the board had failed to correctly manage the incident in accordance with their adverse event management policy and procedures which resulted in the family being denied the opportunity to present their evidence. We also found that there had been an unreasonable delay in reporting the DATIX, and the incident had not been escalated for consideration as a potential Serious Adverse Event Review.

We fully upheld all aspects of the complaint. However, in making our recommendations we took account of the board's proposed improvements to their existing CVAD policy which we considered adequate to address the failings identified.

Recommendations

What we asked the organisation to do in this case:

• Apologise to C for failing to take appropriate account of the Paediatric Sepsis 6 guidance in their assessment of A, failing to consider further treatment in line with the Paediatric Sepsis 6 treatment pathway, failing to seek senior clinician advice and failing to ensure formal communications with the ICCN team regarding A's attendance at the paediatric unit. The apology should meet the standards set out in the SPSO guidelines on apology available at www.spso.org.uk/information-leaflets.
• Apologise to C for failing to correctly follow their AEM policy and procedures by unreasonably delaying the DATIX and not escalating the incident for consideration as a potential SAER, for failing to carry out a reasonable investigation by not reporting events as a SAER or commissioning a SAER report and for failing to allow the family the opportunity to participate in the adverse review process. The apology should meet the standards set out in the SPSO guidelines on apology available at www.spso.org.uk/information-leaflets.
• Apologise to C for proceeding to flush A's central venous line without the results of the swab testing, for failing to act on their concerns that the line may be infected, for failing to give fuller consideration to the known risk of sepsis associated with CVAD, for not adhering to the Hickman Patency Troubleshooting guide by failing to seek senior medical advice before proceeding with the flush and for not completing or recording the CVAD maintenance bundle for A's central venous line flushes. The apology should meet the standards set out in the SPSO guidelines on apology available at www.spso.org.uk/information-leaflets.

What we said should change to put things right in future:

• The board should ensure relevant staff are reminded of the Scottish Patient Safety Programme Paediatric Sepsis 6 Guidance when considering treatment, specifically that there is a lower threshold for consideration of sepsis in patients with indwelling devices/lines, complex medical conditions and significant parental concern. The board should ensure that where there is a lower threshold for consideration of sepsis, senior clinician advice is sought.
• The board should ensure relevant staff are reminded of the board's adverse event management policy and procedures, and published best practice (HIS and IHI guidance) with regards to reporting, managing and analysing significant adverse events. The board must also ensure effective communication with families throughout the SAER process, and during any parallel complaint investigation.
• The board should ensure that when carrying out care and maintenance of central venous access devices in the community, that the CVAD maintenance bundle, including associated checklist, is completed and recorded in the clinical records.

We have asked the organisation to provide us with evidence that they have implemented the recommendations we have made on this case by the deadline we set.

Summary

C's parent (A) was admitted to Raigmore Hospital following a fall at home. A was diagnosed with delirium. After six weeks on the ward, A was discharged home with a package of care. A required readmission shortly after discharge and their condition deteriorated further. C complained that A's food and fluid intake were inadequately monitored during this period. C complained that the concerns they raised about their parent's physical and mental health were ignored.

C also complained about the hospital discharge process. C held Power of Attorney (POA) in respect of A and complained that the board did not have due regard to that. C complained that the board did not appropriately involve them in planning for A's discharge.

We took independent nursing advice. Although we were critical of aspects of the board's communication with A's family, we noted that on the whole, A's care and treatment were of a reasonable standard. We therefore, did not uphold the complaint. We were critical of the board for their delay in referring A to a dietitian, but we noted that the board had apologised for this and confirmed learning.

We considered that A's family could have been involved at an earlier stage when plans were being made for discharge. Overall, however, we noted that the discharge planning was reasonable, involving appropriate assessments and discussion with C. We did not uphold this complaint.

Summary

C complained about the board, regarding their treatment of a benign cyst. C complained that since being seen by the board they failed to take a proactive approach despite the pain and discomfort they were experiencing. C also complained that the board unreasonably prescribed antibiotics for an infection of the cyst which later transpired to not have been present.

On investigation, we took independent advice from a GP clinical adviser. We found that the board's treatment of C had been overall reasonable. On this basis, we did not uphold C's complaint.